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Definitions of Square Dance Calls and Concepts
 
Definitions of Square Dance Calls and Concepts
 
 
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Rotate [C1,C2,C3B]
   (Jim Davis)
C1: C2: C3B:     
Language:
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Rotates (Rotate, Reverse Rotate, Single Rotate, and Reverse Single Rotate) are listed on different challenge lists according to the starting formation. EN: 10

At C1, EN: 20
På C1, DK: 20
Rotates can only be called from a Generalized Squared Set, or from similar formations (e.g., from Columns, the Ends only). EN: 30
kan Rotates kun calles fra generelle Squared Set, eller lignende formationer (eks. fra Columns, The Ends Only) DK: 30
At C2, EN: 40
På C2, DK: 40
Rotates can also be called from Parallel Lines or from a 2 x 2 (e.g., In Your Block Single Rotate 1/4). EN: 50
At C3B, EN: 60
På C3B, DK: 60
Rotates can also be called from Columns. EN: 70

Procedure for dancing Rotates: EN: 80
  1. Identify the center point of your setup. EN: 90

    The center point of your setup is the very center point of the square (commonly called the "flagpole center") except in the following cases: EN: 100

    1. If you are in a 2 x 4 formation and are in Lines, the center point is the Center of each Box (i.e., work Split). If you are in a 2 x 4 T-Bone, the center point for the Column dancers is the flagpole center, whereas the Line dancers are working Split. EN: 110

    2. If Rotate is preceded by the term Split, then divide your formation into two equal subformations. The center point is the Center of your subformation. From a 2 x 4, Split means to divide the setup into two 2 x 2s, not two 1 x 4s. EN: 120

    3. If Rotate is preceded by the name of a formation in which to work, the center point is the Center of that formation. For example, from Columns consider 'Each Column Single Rotate 1/4'. In this case, the center point is the Center of the 1 x 4 setup. EN: 130

  2. Turn 1/4 relative to that center point according to the following rules: EN: 140

    RotateAs Couples 1/4 To Promenade
    Reverse RotateAs Couples 1/4 To Reverse Promenade
    Single Rotate
    Individually 1/4 To Promenade EN: 150
    Reverse Single Rotate
    Individually 1/4 To Reverse Promenade EN: 160

    1/4 To Promenade
    Turn 1/4 so that your left shoulder is toward the Center of your formation. EN: 170
    1/4 To Reverse Promenade
    Turn 1/4 so that your right shoulder is toward the Center of your formation. EN: 180

  3. Counter Rotate the given fraction around that center point. EN: 190

    From a Squared Set, active dancers work around the outside of the set. The inactive dancers should move into the center of the set. EN: 200

When dancing Rotates, there are 3 things to listen for: EN: 210

  1. Single or not; EN: 220

  2. Reverse or not; EN: 230

  3. How far. EN: 240

C1 Rotates (

from Squared Set EN: 250
fra Squared Set DK: 250
)

Rotate fraction [C1]:

(Those designated) As Couples 1/4 To Promenade & Counter Rotate the given fraction around the outside of the set as non-designated dancers (if any) move into the Center. EN: 260
De designerede dansere drejer en As Couple 1/4 mod Promenaderetningen (højre) og laver en Counter Rotate den given fraction på ydersiden af squaren, mens de ikke-designerede dansere (Hvis der er nogen) går ind mod Centeret. DK: 260

Reverse Rotate fraction [C1]:

(Those designated) As Couples 1/4 To Reverse Promenade & Counter Rotate the given fraction around the outside of the set as non-designated dancers (if any) move into the Center. EN: 270
De designerede dansere drejer en As Couple 1/4 mod Reverse-Promenaderetningen (Venstre) og laver en Counter Rotate den given fraction på ydersiden af squaren, mens de ikke-designerede dansere (Hvis der er nogen) går ind mod Centeret. DK: 270

Single Rotate fraction [C1]:

(Those designated) Individually 1/4 To Promenade & Counter Rotate the given fraction around the outside of the set as non-designated dancers (if any) move into the Center. EN: 280
De designerede dansere drejer en individuel 1/4 mod Promenaderetningen (Højre) og laver en Counter Rotate den given fraction på ydersiden af squaren, mens de ikke-designerede dansere (Hvis der er nogen) går ind mod Centeret. DK: 280

Reverse Single Rotate fraction [C1]:

(Those designated) Individually 1/4 To Reverse Promenade & Counter Rotate the given fraction around the outside of the set as non-designated dancers (if any) move into the Center. EN: 290
De designerede dansere frejer en individuel 1/4 mod Reverse-Promenaderetningen (Venstre) og laver en Counter Rotate den given fraction på ydersiden af squaren, mens de ikke-designerede dansere (Hvis der er nogen) går ind mod Centeret. DK: 290

Noter:
  • Do not Face In or Bend The Line after a Rotate unless the caller explicitly tells you to do so. EN: 300
    Lad være med at lave Face In eller Bend The Line efter en Rotate undtagen Calleren specifikt siger det. DK: 300
  • Non-designated dancers move into the center of the set without changing their facing direction. EN: 310

Rotate 1/4 (
from Squared Set EN: 320
fra Squared Set DK: 320
)

 
   
før
Heads Rotate 1/4		 efter
As Couples 1/4 To Promenade		 efter
Counter Rotate 1/4
(færdig)
Single Rotate 1/2 (
from Squared Set EN: 320
fra Squared Set DK: 320
)

 
     
før
Heads Single Rotate 1/2		 efter
1/4 To Promenade		 efter
Counter Rotate 1/4		 efter
Counter Rotate 1/4 (again)
(færdig)

C2 Rotates (

from Parallel Lines, or from a 2 x 2 but not from Columns EN: 340
):

Work in each Box of 4. EN: 350

Rotate fraction[C2]:

As Couples 1/4 To Promenade and (working in the resulting Line of 4) Counter Rotate the given fraction. This is the same as As Couples Zag-Zig; Lockit n times (where n is the number of quarters within the given fraction: n=1 for 1/4, n=2 for 1/2, n=3 for 3/4, etc.). EN: 360

Reverse Rotate fraction [C2]:

As Couples 1/4 To Reverse Promenade and (working in the resulting Line of 4) Counter Rotate the given fraction. Same as As Couples Zig-Zag; Lockit n times (where n is the number of quarters within the given fraction). EN: 370

Single Rotate fraction [C2]:

Individually 1/4 To Promenade and Box Counter Rotate the given fraction. Same as Zag-Zig; Box|Split Counter Rotate the given fraction. EN: 380

Reverse Single Rotate fraction[C2]:

Individually 1/4 To Reverse Promenade and Box Counter Rotate the given fraction. Same as Zig-Zag; Box|Split Counter Rotate the given fraction. EN: 390

Reverse Rotate 1/4 (
from Parallel Lines EN: 400
):

 
   
før
Reverse Rotate 1/4		 efter
As Couples 1/4 To Reverse Promenade		 efter
Line of 4 Counter Rotate 1/4
(færdig)
Reverse Single Rotate 1/2 (
from Parallel Lines EN: 400
):

 
   
før
Reverse Single Rotate 1/2		 efter
1/4 To Reverse Promenade		 efter
Split Counter Rotate 1/2
(færdig)

Cheat for Single Rotate 1/4 (from Lines): EN: 420
Leaders Left-faced U-Turn Back; Belles Walk; Beaus Dodge. EN: 430
Cheat for Reverse Single Rotate 1/4 (from Lines): EN: 440
Leaders Right-faced U-Turn Back; Beaus Walk; Belles Dodge. EN: 450

Be aware that there are many dancers who use these cheats. Also, experienced dancers often seem as if they are dancing this way (when they are Trailers they simply do some sort of Walk & Dodge movement). We believe it is okay to dance this way if you still think in your mind to 'turn 1/4 & Box Counter Rotate', so that you keep in mind that there is a flowing direction toward which you can Roll. Note that this cheat will not work if the fraction is 0/4. If the fraction is greater than 1/4 then use Box Counter Rotates for the rest of the call. EN: 460

C3B Rotates (

from Columns and other formations EN: 470
):

Rotate 1/4 (
from Columns EN: 480
):

 
   
før
Rotate 1/4		 efter
As Couples 1/4 To Promenade		 efter
Counter Rotate 1/4
(færdig)
Single Rotate 1/4 (
from Columns EN: 480
):

 
   
før
Single Rotate 1/4		 efter
1/4 To Promenade		 efter
Counter Rotate 1/4
(færdig)

Single Rotate 1/4 (

from a T-Bone 2 x 4 EN: 500
):

In this example, the dancers work as if they are in Columns whereas the dancers work as if they are in Lines (i.e., work Split) EN: 510

before
Single Rotate 1/4		 efter
Some work Split: EN: 520
all 1/4 To Promenade
Some work Split:
all EN: 530
Counter Rotate 1/4
(færdig)

Split Single Rotate 1/4 (

from Columns EN: 540
):

before
Split Single Rotate 1/4		 efter
Split 1/4 To Promenade		 efter
Split Counter Rotate 1/4
(færdig)

Note: from Parallel Lines, Split Single Rotate is the same as Single Rotate. EN: 550

CONTRAST THE FOLLOWING:

Dette er startformation
for hver af de følgende:
 
efter
Single Rotate 1/4		   efter
Diamond Single Rotate 1/4
( See Diamond anything Concept [C4])

Dette er startformation
for hver af de følgende:

efter
Single Rotate 1/4

efter
Split Single Rotate 1/4

efter
Split Split Single Rotate 1/4

Hints for dancing Rotates: EN: 560
  • On Rotate or Single Rotate, turn 1/4 (As Couples or Individually) so that your Left-shoulder is toward the center of your setup. EN: 570
    Ved Rotate eller Single Rotate, drej dig 1/4 (As Couples eller Individuelt) så din Venstre Skulder vender ind mod midten af squaren. DK: 570

  • On Reverse Rotate or Reverse Single Rotate, turn 1/4 (As Couples or Individually) so that your Right-shoulder is toward the center of your setup. ('Reverse' and 'Right' both begin with 'R'.) EN: 580
    Ved Reverse Rotate eller Reverse Single Rotate, drej dig 1/4 (As Couples eller Individuelt) så din Højre Skulder vender ind mod midten af squaren. DK: 580

  • Rotate means As Couples; Single Rotate means Individually. EN: 590
    Rotate betyder As Couples; Single Rotate betyder Individuelt. DK: 590

  • If no fraction is given, then assume 1/4. In our opinion, the caller should always give a fraction. EN: 600
    Hvis ingen fraction er givet så gælder 1/4. DK: 600

  • The caller can give the fraction 0 (or 0/4), in which case just turn 1/4 and do not Counter Rotate at all. EN: 610
    Calleren kan give fractionen 0 (eller 0/4), her skal du blot dreje 1/4 og ikke udføre Counter Rotate. DK: 610

Why is the Rotate FAMILY split across three levels? The answer is that the definition of Rotate is inconsistent, in the sense that the definition is formation-dependent. In our opinion, dancers should have one concise definition that can be applied to any legal starting formation. The C2-style Rotates are the culprits, and we believe these Rotates should have been named Split Rotate (instead of Rotate), and Split Single Rotate (instead of Single Rotate), so that there would be no conflict. Unfortunately, Rotates were not defined quite so cleanly. EN: 620

See also Counter Rotate [C1].

CALLERLAB definition for Rotate
CALLERLAB definition for Reverse Rotate
CALLERLAB definition for Single Rotate
CALLERLAB definition for Reverse Single Rotate

Comments? Questions? Suggestions?Page translated by Arne Pedersen og Britta Bertel.

 
C1: C2: C3B:     

https://www.ceder.net/def/rotate_c1.php?action=edit&language=denmark&level=C3B
25-October-2025 14:39:21
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